Directions: The passage contains 10 errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it.
Most people work to earn a living and they produce goods and services. Goods are either agricultural (like maize) or manufactured (like cars).
Services are such things like education, 1.
medicine, and commerce. These people provide 2.
goods; some provide services. Other people provide both goods or services. 3.
For example, in the same
garage a man may buy a car or some service which helps him maintain his car.
The work people do is called as economic 4.
activity. All economic activities taken together make up the economic system of a town, a city, a country, or the world. Such economic system is the sumtotal 5.
of what people do and what they want. The work people do either provides what they need or provides the money with that they can buy essential 6.
commodities. Of course, most people hope to have enough money to buy commodities and services which are essential but which provide some particular 7.
personal satisfaction, such as toys for children, visits 8.
the cinema, and books.
The science of economics is basic upon the facts 9.
of our everyday lives. Economists study our everyday lives and the general life of our communities in order to understand the whole economic system of which we are a part. They try to describe the facts of the economy in which we live, and to explain how it works.
The economist methods should of course be 10.
strictly objective and scientific.
Ⅴ.Translation 10%
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.
What is learning and what is teaching and how do they interact?
Consider again some traditional definitions. A search in contemporary dictionaries reveals that learning is “acquiring or getting of knowledge of a subject or a skill by study, experience or instruction.” A more specialized definition might read as follows. “Learning is a relatively permanent change in a behavioral tendency and is the result of reinforced practice.” Similarly, teaching, which is implied in the first definition of learning, may be defined as “showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand.” How awkward these definitions are! Isnt it rather curious that professional lexicographers(辞典编撰人) cannot devise more precise scientific definitions? More than perhaps anything else, such definitions reflect the difficulty of defining complex concepts like learning and teaching.
Ⅵ.Writing 10%
Directions: Write a teaching plan with about 150~200 words for the teaching of the comparative and the superlative degrees of adjectives.
教育学、教育心理学部分
七、简答题(2小题，每小题5分，共10分)
1.研究性学习的基本特点是什么?
2.什么是课的结构?综合课的结构由哪几部分组成?
八、论述题(10分)
学校教育产生的主要条件是什么?
【参考答案】
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure
1.C 【解析】adequate意为“充分的，足够的”;sufficient意为“足够的，充足的”;efficient意为“效率高的”;effective意为“有效的，生效的”。
2.B 【解析】call on意为“拜访(某人)”;call for意为“需要”;call up意为“给(某人)打电话”;call at意为“到(某地)进行短暂访问”。
3.B 【解析】adopt意为“收养”;adapt to意为“使适应于”;fit意为“适合”;suit意为“适合于(某人)，使满意”。
4.B 【解析】close up意为“堵塞，关闭”;close down意为“停产”;close off意为“堵塞(路口等)”;close out意为“减价抛售”。
5.C 【解析】clear up意为“打扫干净”;clean up意为“打扫，清理，消灭”;clear off意为“还清”;clear away意为“驱除，消除”。
6.B 【解析】whom引导非限制性定语从句时，指代人的普通名词、专有名词等。
7.C 【解析】略。
8.C 【解析】know…of something意为“了解关于……某一方面的信息”。
9.A 【解析】take in意为“领会，理解”;take out意为“清除，除掉”;take over意为“接管，接替”;take up意为“拿起，占据”。
10.B 【解析】本句的意思是“美洲豹是一种大型猫科类动物，如果它们不受到打扰，它们是不会攻击人类的。”美洲豹是被打扰，故用被动语态。
11.B 【解析】than比较级前后形式相同，that替代the relative size。
12.D 【解析】从句意上看，我期望在几天之内收到答复，故排除BC，AD虽都有期望的意思，但hope后不能直接接名词作宾语，若要接名词需先接 for 即 hope for sth。
13.C 【解析】would rather do的否定形式应该为would rather not do。
14.B 【解析】sentimental意为“伤感的，多愁善感的”;sensitive意为“敏感的”;sensible意为“明智的，合情理的”;positive意为“确定的，积极的”。
15.D 【解析】be dressed意为“穿着”，audience是一个集体名词，意为“所有听众”。
16.C 【解析】wish后的宾语从句如果与过去愿望不一致，那么主句中，主语+had+过去分词。
17.B 【解析】略。
18.B 【解析】略。
19.B 【解析】would like sb to do sth 意为“想让某人做某事”。
20.C 【解析】in any case意为“无论如何，不管怎样”;because意为“因为”;in case意为“假使，以防”;for意为“因为”。
21.A 【解析】rusty意为“生锈的”;crude意为“天然的，未加工的”;rough意为“粗糙的”;tough意为“坚韧的，坚强的”。
22.B 【解析】excuse意为“原谅，宽恕”，用作动词，通常是及物动词，其后除接名词或代词作宾语外，还接动名词作宾语;apologize意为“道歉”，apologize to…意为“向某人道歉”;pardon意为“宽恕，原谅”，为及物动词;sorry意为“抱歉”。
23.D 【解析】hardly…when…意为“刚一……就……”，从句中用过去时，主句用过去完成时，hardly置于句首，引起倒装。
24.B 【解析】Its time that+从句，从句中谓语动词有两种形式：(1)动词用过去式;(2)用should+动词原形，should不能省略。
25.C 【解析】suit意为“适合于(某人)”;mix意为“混合”;match意为“相配”;imitate意为“模仿”。
Ⅱ.Reading Comprehension
1-5 DBADC6-10 CDADB
Ⅲ.General Knowledge
1-5 BACDB
Ⅳ.Proofreading and Error Correction
1.like → as
2.These → Some
3.or → and
4.as去掉
5.Such → Such an
6.that → which
7.在essential前加not
8.visits → visits to
9.basic → based
10.economist → economists
Ⅴ.Translation
【参考答案】学习和教学分别是什么?它们之间又是如何相互作用的?
通过查阅同一时期的字典，让我们再看一下一些传统的定义。学习是“通过研究、自身经验或指导获得有关某一科目或技能的知识”。以下是一个更为专业的定义。“学习是行为倾向中一个相对永久的变化，并且它是不断巩固练习的结果。”同样的，隐含在学习的第一个定义中的教学可以被定义为“展示或帮助某人学会做某事，给予指导，在学习中起引导作用，提供知识，教会他人掌握知识”。这些定义是多么不清晰!难道不好奇专业辞典编撰人为什么不能提出更专业的定义?较有可能的解释是，这样的定义反映出了定义复杂概念的困难性，如学习和教学。
Ⅵ.Writing
【参考答案】略。
教育学、教育心理学部分
七、简答题
1.【参考答案】研究性学习是指学生基于自身兴趣，在教师的指导下，从自然、社会和学生自身生活中选择和确定研究专题，主动地获取知识、应用知识、解决问题的学习活动。研究性学习的核心活动是课题研究或项目探究活动。它的基本特点是：(1)以项目、课题、主题或问题为探究对象与学习载体，超越严密的学科知识体系和书本中心。(2)是一种以研究或探究为中心的实践性学习活动，强调学生综合实践能力、情感、态度和价值观的发展。(3)是重视学习过程而不是偏重结果的学习活动，强调学生经历和体验研究或探究的过程。
2.【参考答案】课的结构是指课的组成部分，以及各部分进行的顺序和时间的分配。
综合课的结构：(1)组织教学;(2)复习检查;(3)讲授新教材;(4)巩固新知识;(5)布置家庭作业。
八、论述题
【参考答案】学校教育产生的主要条件有：(1)生产力的发展和剩余产品的出现使一部分人能够从生产劳动中分离出来，从事专门的教育工作;(2)体力劳动和脑力劳动的分工，出现了专门从事科学文化活动的知识分子;(3)社会生产经验和社会生活经验的积累，需要专门的学校教育进行传递;(4)文字的产生，使人类文化有了书面记载，促进了学校的产生和发展。