专业基础知识部分
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure 15%
Directions:There are fifteen incomplete sentences in the following.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.
()1.—Im sorry，Ill have to.Ive had a wonderful evening here.
—Its a pleasure to have you here.
A.stopB.sleep
C.leaveD.wait
()2.—How longthis factory?
—Since 2001.
A.has,openedB.has,been open
C.has,begunD.has,become
()3.He is a strict but kindhearted father,the children respect but are afraid of.
A./ B.that
C.for whom D.one whom
()4.He lived in London for 3 months,duringtime he learned some English.
A.this B.which
C.that D.same
()5.The weather turned out to be very good,was more than we could expect.
A.what B.which
C.that D.it
()6.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,was very reasonable.
A.which price B.the price of which
C.its price D.the price of whose
()7.Heres my card.Lets keep in .
A.touch B.relation
C.connection D.friendship
()8.the increase in air fares,most people still prefer to travel by plane.
A.No matter how B.Though
C.Regardless D.Despite
()9.She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make itenough to eat.
A.mild B.slight
C.light D.tender
()10.There is noevidence that people can control their dreams,at least in experimental situations in a lab.
A.rigid B.solid
C.smooth D.harsh
()11.He said that ending the agreement wouldthe future of small or familyrun shops,lead to fewer books being published and increase prices of all but a few bestsellers.
A.venture B.expose
C.jeopardize D.legalize
()12.I could hear nothing but the roar of the airplane engines whichall other sounds.
A.overturned B.drowned
C.deafened D.smoothed
()13.Tom is bankrupt now.He is desperate because all his effortsfailure.
A.tumbled to B.hinged upon
C.inflicted on D.culminated in
()14.If the valueadded tax were done away with,it would act as ato consumption.
A.progression B.prime
C.stability D.stimulus
()15.It is my hope that everyone in this class shouldtheir errors before it is too late.
A.refute B.exclude
C.expel D.rectify
Ⅱ.Close 20%
Directions:There is one passage with blanks in this part.For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE that best fills in the blank.
Space is a dangerous place,not only because of meteors (流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other planets.
The atmosphere again acts1our protective blanket on2.Light gets through,and this is essential3plants to make the food which we4.Heat,5,makes our environments tolerable and some ultraviolet rays (紫外线的) penetrate the6.Cosmic (宇宙的) rays of various kinds come7the air from outer space,but8quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off.9men leave the atmosphere they are10to this radiation;11their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft,if they are inside,12prevent a lot of radiation damage.
Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in13.Doses of radiation are measured in14called “rems (雷目)”.We all15radiation here on earth from the sun,from cosmic rays and from radioactive minerals.The “16” dose of radiation that we receive each year is about two millirems; it17according to where you live,and this is a very rough estimate.
Scientists have reason to think18a man can19far more radiation20without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed.
()1.A.for B.with C.on D.as
()2.A.stars B.sun C.earthD.space
()3.A.with B.from C.underD.for
()4.A.use B.live C.eat D.get
()5.A.again B.also C.besides D.too
()6.A.environment B.space C.atmosphere D.earth
()7.A.across B.to C.from D.through
()8.A.valid B.enormous C.various D.proper
()9.A.As soon as B.As well as C.As much as D.As possible as
()10.A.shown B.exposed C.faced D.covered
()11.A.but B.because C.so D.so that
()12.A.get B.make C.have D.do
()13.A.earth B.atmosphere C.space D.environment
()14.A.pieces B.units C.parts D.elements
()15.A.receive B.accept C.bring D.catch
()16.A.conventional B.common C.general D.normal
()17.A.shifts B.converts C.modifies D.varies
()18.A.what B.which C.that D.why
()19.A.put up with B.keep up with C.come up with D.catch up with
()20.A.from B.than C.asD.away
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension 36%
Directions:There are four passages in this part.Each passage is followed by several questions and unfinished sentences.For each of them there are several choices.You should decide on the BEST ONE.
Passage 1
I never wanted a dog,but now Im so glad I have one.
About two years ago,my wife,Cathy,got a little dog with a face only a mother could love.We named her Gertie.
Gertie is the kind of dog that has to grow on you.So I decided that the dog would be trained.This didnt quite go as planned.At 15 weeks old,she was nearly made to leave the Petsmart Training School.She spent every night lying in our bed—snoring so loudly that I hardly got a good nights sleep.
Then,about six months after she arrived,I felt that something in my heart was taking place,and I was unable to stop it.My behavior began to change.I began to smile at people when passing them in a street.I returned from neighbors.I started calling my kids and,to my surprise,they started calling me.I even tried to speak to my grandchildren over the phone once.I even was glad to listen to laughter from a 10monthold granddaughter.The point is that I was changing.
My wife and I both agree that it is Gertie who has changed my behavior.
Gertie is now nearly two years old and almost fully grown.I have come to like the pet little by little,though she is my wifes dog.
()1.What did the man think of the dog at the beginning?
A.It wasnt very lovely. B.It looked very beautiful.
C.It wasnt necessary to be trained. D.It could change his life.
()2.When did the mans behavior begin to change?
A.About two years ago.
B.When Gertie was nearly two years old.
C.When Gertie was 15 weeks old.
D.About six months after Gertie arrived.
()3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the mans change?
A.He began to smile at people.
B.He liked helping his neighbors.
C.He started calling his kids.
D.He spoke to his grandchildren over the phone.
()4.What can we learn from this passage?
A.The dog has been trained very well.
B.The man has become more confident.
C.The man has become more friendly.
D.The man likes the dog better than his wife.
Passage 2
The African elephant,the largest land animal remaining on earth,is of great importance to African ecosystem(生态系统).Unlike other animals,the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment.As a big planteater,it largely shapes the forestandsavanna(大草原) surroundings in which it lives,therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat(栖息地).
It is the elephants great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat.In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day,it kills small trees and underbushes,and pulls branches off big trees.This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas.In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other planteaters.
Take the rain forests for example.In their natural state,the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor.By pulling down trees and eating plants,elephants make open spaces,allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor.In such situations,the forests become suitable for large hoofed planteaters to move around and for small planteaters to get their food as well.
What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species.If the elephant disappears,scientists say,many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna,greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.
()5.What is the passage mainly about?
A.Disappearance of African elephants.
B.Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.
C.The effect of African elephants search for food.
D.The eating habit of African elephants.
()6.What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean?
A.Fixing the time.
B.Worsening the state.
C.Improving the quality.
D.Deciding the conditions.
()7.What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?
A.They result from the destruction of rain forests.
B.They provide food mainly for African elephants.
C.They are home to many endangered animals.
D.They are attractive to planteating animals of different kinds.
()8.The passage is developed mainly by.
A.showing the effects and then explaining the causes
B.pointing out similarities and differences
C.describing the changes in space order
D.giving examples
Passage 3
The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat,it has,at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon.Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures.That food is related to illness is not a new discovery.In 1945,about 35 years ago,government researchers realized that nitrates,commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additives,caused cancer.Yet,these carcinogenic additives remain in our food,and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful.The additives which we eat are not all so direct.Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals,and because of this,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow.Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons.The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market.Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures,the practices continue.
()9.What is the best possible title of the passage?
A.Drug and Food B.Cancer and Health
C.Food and Health D.Health and Drug
()10.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons.
B.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animals.
C.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirtyfive years.
D.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.
()11.How has science done something harmful to mankind?
A.Because of science,diseases caused by polluted food have been virtually eliminated.
B.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.
C.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.
D.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.
()12.What are nitrates used for?
A.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.
B.They preserve the color of meats.
C.They are the objects of research.
D.They cause the animals to become fatter.
()13.The word “carcinogenic” most nearly means “”.
A.troublemaking B.colorretaining
C.moneymaking D.cancercausing
Passage 4
A scientific panel convened by the World Health Organization recommended guidelines on Friday for doctors conducting clinical studies of SARS patients.The panel urged doctors to apply the guidelines in analyzing the masses of potentially useful information about various therapies that were collected in this years epidemic.Much of that information has not been published or analyzed.
“It is a matter of urgency to get better analysis and review.” said Dr.Simon Mardel,a WHO official who led the twoday meeting that ended on Friday.He said thousands of potential therapies and compounds had been tested so far as researchers try to determine treatments for SARS,or severe acute respiratory syndrome.“We recognize that having no treatment for SARS is hindering our ability to control an epidemic in so many ways.” He said.
In the epidemic earlier this year,various treatments,like drugs to fight the virus or strengthen the immune system,as well as traditional Chinese medicine,were delivered under emergency conditions,in widely different settings and countries to patients suffering from varying stages of the illness.Those conditions—generally without standardized measurements or controlled situations—have made it hard to interpret results.
Standard supportive therapy like nursing,and in severe cases the use of mechanical respirators(呼吸器)to help patients breathe,is the mainstay(主要支持)of SARS care,and helped many patients survive.But doctors still do not know how best to treat SARS patients who have breathing difficulties,Dr.Mardel said.One method is invasive ventilation.A second method involves blowing oxygen into the lungs through a mask.Both carry the risk of transmitting the virus to hospital employees.Without proper analysis,the panel was unable to say definitively which treatment worked best,or which caused the most harm.“There is a lack of shared information.” Dr.Mardel said,noting that a lot of data have not been published.
The panel also agreed on guidelines that would allow doctors to conduct quick and safe clinical trials,a process that generally takes years to complete.The World Health Organization,a United Nations agency did not release the guidelines.Dr.Mardel said they were flexible because no one knew where,when and in what setting SARS would return.Experts in many countries have already listed the treatments they want to test,and the health agency is leaving these decisions to individual nations.
()14.Guidelines recommended by the scientific panel can be used for.
A.gathering potentially useful information about various therapies collected
B.conducting clinical studies of SARS patients
C.determining treatment for SARS
D.publishing all the information about SARS
()15.According to the passage,it is difficult to interpret the results of certain treatments for SARS because.
A.patients were in different countries
B.patients were given medicines in widely different settings
C.patients were at different stages of the illness
D.these conditions had no standardized measurements or controlled situations
()16.According to doctors,the two methods to treat SARS patients who have breathing difficulties both.
A.carry the risk of infecting hospital employees
B.are effective in curing patients who have breathing difficulties
C.dont run the risk of transmitting the virus to hospital employees
D.prove to work effectively and cause no harm
()17.According to a WHO official,Dr.Mardel,the guidelines were flexible because.
A.SARS would reemerge in poor countries
B.no one knew where,when and in what setting SARS would return
C.SARS would not appear in developed countries
D.no one knew whether SARS would return or not
()18.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A.SARS,a Dreadful Disease
B.No Good Methods to Treat SARS
C.SARS Will Return One Day
D.Health Panel Recommends New Guidelines on SARS
Ⅳ.Translation 14%
Directions:Translate the following passages into Chinese.
Passage 1
Surely ambition is behind dreams of glory,of wealth,of distinction,of accomplishment,of pleasure,of goodness.What life does with our dreams and expectations cannot,of course,be predicted.Some dreams,begun in selflessness,end in rancor; other dreams,begun in selfishness,end in largeheartedness.The unpredictability of the outcome of dreams is no reason to cease dreaming.
Passage 2
So if you want people to get on board,help them open their windows and urge them to look at the world outside.Expose them to the same eyeopening information you have,and discuss it openly.If they dont have the skills to analyze and interpret the data,then provide them with coaching and education.You dont need to have a Ph.D.to intelligently appraise a competitive analysis or a market research study.Remember: people get on board when they look outward and see for themselves the reasons for change.
Ⅴ.Writing 15%
Directions: In this part,you are required to write a composition on the topic What does friendship mean? You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1.友谊是人生永恒的主题。
2.友谊到底意味着什么。
3.友谊的重要性。
教育学、教育心理学部分
六、单项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
()1.对学习活动所要达到目标的主观估计被称为。
A.学习动机 B.学习目标
C.学习期待 D.学习诱因
()2.青少年自觉地按照一定的行动目标和社会准则来评价自己的心理品质和能力的时期叫做。
A.心理自我 B.生理自我
C.社会自我 D.自我意识
()3.人所处的环境复杂多样，某一瞬间，人不可能对众多事物进行感知，而总是有选择地把某一事物作为知觉对象，把其他事物作为知觉对象的背景，这种现象叫做知觉的。
A.整体性 B.选择性
C.理解性 D.恒常性
()4.焦虑是由紧张、不安、焦急、忧虑、恐惧交织而成的一种情绪状态。中学生常见的焦虑反应是。
A.生活焦虑 B.睡眠障碍焦虑
C.交友焦虑 D.考试焦虑
()5.关于课程目标的水平研究最为著名的是。
A.杜威 B.泰勒
C.布卢姆 D.布鲁纳
()6.学习由若干概念组成的句子的复合意义,即学习若干概念之间的关系的学习叫做。
A.概念学习 B.符号学习
C.命题学习 D.并列结合学习
()7.衡量一个测验有效性、正确性的重要指标是。
A.信度 B.效度
C.难度 D.区分度
()8.课堂里某些占优势的态度与情感的综合状态称为。
A.课堂气氛 B.群体规范
C.人际关系 D.群体凝聚力
()9.个体在面对问题情境时，在规定的时间内产生大量不同的观念，说明其思维具有。
A.流畅性 B.变通性
C.指向性 D.独创性
()10.需要层次理论是由以下哪位心理学家所提出的?
A.阿特金森 B.马斯洛
C.维纳 D.班杜拉
七、填空题(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
1.按照教师组织教学活动中所要求实现的不同的认识任务，教学过程的结构由以下环节组成：引起学习动机、领会知识、巩固知识、和检查知识。
2.教育的民主化一方面追求让所有人都受到同样的教育，另一方面，它也追求教育的。
3.班主任既通过对集体的管理去影响个人，又通过对个人的直接管理去影响集体，从而把集体和个人的管理结合起来，该管理方式是。
4.师生关系包括教育关系、道德关系和。
5.一书最早从理论上对班级授课制作了阐述。
八、论述题(本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分)
1.简述提高教师教学监控能力的技术。
2.结合实例分析培养学生创造性的有效措施。
【参考答案】
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure
1.C 【解析】此句的意思是“抱歉，我要走了。今晚我过得很愉快。”
2.B 【解析】句子是现在完成时的主系表结构，句中open是形容词做表语。
3.D 【解析】替代词one在句中作同位语，代指father，后面再接一个定语从句。先行词one 又在从句中充当宾语，用whom。
4.B 【解析】由which 引导的非限定性定语从句，which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。which一般放在句中。
5.B 【解析】本题考查的是which引导的非限制性定语从句。which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况。
6.B 【解析】which为关系代词，引导定语从句修饰Chinese vase。
7.A 【解析】keep in touch意为“保持联络”。
8.D 【解析】no matter how 意为“不管，无论”，引导让步状语从句;regardless 意为“不顾”，应与 of 连用;though 意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句;despite 意为“尽管，不顾”，后面接名词或名词性词组。
9.D 【解析】mild意为“温柔的，温和的”;slight意为“微小的，轻微的”;light意为“淡色的，轻的”;tender意为“脆弱的，嫩的”。
10.B 【解析】rigid意为“刚硬的，僵硬的”;solid意为“稳定的，可靠的”;smooth意为“光滑的，平坦的”;harsh意为“刺耳的，严酷的”。
11.C 【解析】venture意为“冒险”;expose意为“使暴露”;jeopardize意为“危害，使处于危险境地”;legalize意为“使合法化”。本句的意思是“他说终结契约不利于小商店或家庭式经营书店的未来，那样会减少图书出版量，并且会提高全部图书价格，而不仅仅是为数不多的几本畅销书”。
12.B 【解析】overturn意为“推翻, 颠倒”;drown意为“淹没”;deafen意为“使聋”;smooth意为“使光滑，使优雅”。本句的意思是“我听不到任何其他声音，飞机发动机的轰鸣声淹没了它们”。
13.D 【解析】tumble to意为“恍然大悟”;hinge on意为“靠……转动, 以……为转移”;inflict on意为“使……受痛苦”，culminate in意为“最终”。本句的意思是“汤姆现在破产了。他陷入了绝望，因为他的所有努力最终都白费了”。
14.D 【解析】progression意为“行进”;prime意为“最初，青春”;stability意为“稳定性”;stimulus意为“刺激”。本句的意思是“如果增值税被废除，它可以刺激消费”。
15.D 【解析】refute意为“反驳”;exclude意为“排除”;expel意为“驱逐, 开除”;rectify意为“纠正”。本句的意思是“我希望我们班里的每一个人都能够及时地改正自己的错误”。
Ⅱ.Close
1-5 DCDCD6-10 CDBAB11-15 ADCBA16-20 DDCAB
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension
1-4 ADBC5-8 CDDA9-13 CACBD14-18 BDABD
Ⅳ.Translation
【参考答案】
Passage 1
毫无疑问，雄心壮志期望的是荣耀、财富、非凡、成就、欢乐与美德。当然，伴随我们的抱负与希望，我们的生活将会是怎样，这些总是无法意料的。有些梦想，出发点丝毫不为自己，但结果却结下深仇;而有些梦想，原意是为了自己，但到头来却是为他人做了善事。梦想的结果虽然难以预测，但仍无理由扼杀梦想的存在。
Passage 2
如果你想让人们积极参与，你得帮他们放开眼界并敦促他们向外看。让他们像你一样打开眼界，并和他们公开讨论这些信息。如果他们还没有分析解释这些数据的能力，就为他们提供教育培训。进行明智的竞争优势分析和市场调查分析无须博士学位。记住：当人们向外看并发现了需要改变的理由，他们自然会积极参与。
Ⅴ.Writing
【参考答案】略。
教育学、教育心理学部分
六、单项选择题
1.C 【解析】略。
2.A 【解析】自我意识是个体对自己以及自己与周边事物的关系进行认识时所产生的一种意识活动。个人自我意识的发展经历了从生理自我到社会自我再到心理自我的过程。心理自我时期，个体自觉地按照一定的行动目标和社会准则来评价自己的心理品质和能力。
3.B 【解析】略。
4.D 【解析】焦虑症是以与客观威胁不相适应的焦虑反应为特征的神经症，学生中常见的焦虑反应是考试焦虑。
5.C 【解析】布卢姆是美国杰出的心理学家和教育学家，他的理论业绩在四个领域中尤为突出：教育目标分类学;掌握学习理论;教育评价理论;课程开发论。
6.C 【解析】根据知识本身的存在形式和复杂程度，可以把知识的学习分为符号学习、概念学习和命题学习。题干为命题学习的定义。
7.B 【解析】略。
8.A 【解析】课堂气氛是教学过程的软环境，通常是指课堂里某些占优势的态度与情感的综合状态。
9.A 【解析】略。
10.B 【解析】需要层次理论是人本主义心理学理论在动机领域中的体现，美国心理学家马斯洛是这一理论的提出者和代表人物。
七、填空题
1.运用知识2.自由化3.班级平行管理4.社会关系5.《大教学论》
八、论述题
1.【参考答案】教师为了保证教学的成功、达到预期的教学目标，而在教学的全过程中，将教学活动本身作为意识的对象，不断地对其进行积极、主动的计划、监察、评价、反馈、控制和调节的能力称为教师教学监控能力。
教师的教学监控能力主要可分为三个方面：(1)教师对自己实际教学活动的事先计划和安排;(2)教师对自己实际教学活动进行有意识的监察、评价和反馈;(3)教师对自己的教学活动进行调节、校正和有意识的自我控制。
提高教师的教学监控能力的技术主要有以下三种：(1)角色改变技术。其目的是让教师形成正确的教育观念，提高其参加教育科研的自觉性和主动性，从而自觉地实现角色的改变。(2)教学反馈技术。其目的是使教师对自己教学各环节有一个准确而客观的认识。(3)现场指导技术。其目的是帮助教师针对不同的教学背景，选用最佳的教学策略，以达到最佳的教学效果，使其最终能达到对自己课堂教学的有效调节和校正。
2.【参考答案】
(1)创设有利于创造性产生的适宜环境。①创设宽松的心理环境;②给学生留有充分选择的余地;③改革考试制度与考试内容。
(2)注重创造性个性的塑造。①鼓励好奇心;②解除个体对答错问题的恐惧心理;③鼓励独立性和创新精神;④重视直觉思维能力;⑤给学生提供具有创造性的榜样。
(3)开设培养创造性的课程，教授创造性思维策略。①发散思维策略;②推测与假设训练;③自我设计训练;④头脑风暴法训练。