写 作
基本达标要求
内容要紧扣主题，涵盖提纲的要点。
作文结构完整合理，符合写作的要求。
语言表达要流畅，无重大语病，无明显语法错误。
适度恰当地使用过渡性词语。
字数要达标。
书写工整，卷面整洁。
写作步骤
审题，抓点
造句，成文
改错，誉写
写作类型
• 对立观点型
– 首段阐述第一种观点；扩展段阐述对立的第二种观点；结尾段表明自己的观点
• 问题解决型
– 第一段提出/ 引出问题(社会问题或个人问题)；第二段列举解决问题的方法；第三段总结/表明自己的观点
• 观点论证型
– 第一段要表明观点，从论题入手；第二段要论证观点的正确性；第三段得出结论或表明个人的看法或做法
• 现象解释型
– 第一段描述现象存在的合理性和客观性；第二段阐述现象出现的原因；第三段表明观点或消除这种现象的方法
• 图表作文
– 第一段从图表分析入手，以图表数字做举例或对比说明,描述数字的变化；第二段分析图表出现变化的原因；第三段谈自身的看法,或解决问题的方法或该现象对社会生活的影响
• 应用文
– 应用文的写作要符合特定的要求， 必须从语言上有所体现；注意书信的称呼语；注意书信结尾 的必要客套话。
遣词造句
• Let’s discuss the details of the party.
• Let’s have a discussion about the details of the party.
• We divide the profits among us.
• We make a division of the profits among us.
• I doubt what he has told me.
• I feel doubtful about what he has told me.
• The Internet has a heavy influence on the youth.
• The Internet influences on the youth heavily.
• Traveling makes us not only relax ,but also acquire a lot of knowledge.
• Traveling not only provides us relaxation ,but also a lot of knowledge.
尝试改写下面句子，使语言更加精彩、简洁。
• Living comfortably is not essential for one’s life.
• Living comfortably is nonessential for one’s life.
• I was not sure whether I would succeed at that time.
• I was unsure whether I would succeed at that time.
• Oxygen is a gas, which is not visible.
• Oxygen is an invisible gas.
• We can not avoid failure in our life.
• Failure is inevitable in our life.
• This meeting is held twice a year.
• This is a biannual meeting.
• Reading books is an important part of our life. We can learn much from books. Our life becomes more colorful because of books. Besides, reading books can make us enjoy ourselves. I believe if we often read, we will become more and more intelligent.
• Reading
• The party was held in such an interesting way.
• The party was held in such an interesting way that everyone enjoyed it very much.
• We are going to call on Mr. Wang, and he is our Chinese teacher.
• We are going to call on Mr. Wang who is our Chinese teacher.
• The main reason he was absent was because he was ill.
• The main reason he was absent was that he was ill.
• He arrive the airport at 10pm yesterday.
• He arrived the airport at 10pm yesterday.
• I was doing some washing in the kitchen last night, I suddenly found my son was standing behind me.
• When I was doing some washing in the kitchen last night ,I suddenly found my son was standing behind me.
• If you want to learn English very well, you’d better try to think in it and speak it as much as possible.
• If you want to learn English very well , you’d better try to think in it and to speak it as much as possible.
• He is not only a good actor but also he is a famous director.
• He is not only a good actor but also a famous director.
• The point I am trying to make is that practice makes perfect.
• I believe that practice makes perfect.
• I am writing to call your attention to the fact that ⋯
• I am writing to remind you that ⋯
• He has achieved success, I believe.
• He has, I believe, achieved success.
• A wide, clear river flows through the village.
• Through the village flows a wide, clear river.
• Everybody wants to be happy. We cannot live a life without happiness. If you wish to know how to get happiness, you must pay attention to the following two points. Firstly, you must keep healthy. You cannot be happy, when you are sick. Secondly, you should learn to be easily satisfied, or you will always in distress, and you cannot become happy.
• There is no doubt that happiness is the most precious thing in the world. Without it, life will be empty and meaningless. Happiness can only be obtained, when attentions are paid to the following two points. Firstly, health is the key to happiness. Only a strong man can enjoy the pleasure of life. Secondly, happiness consists in contentment. A man who is dissatisfied with his present condition is always in distress.
• 段落
– 主旨句
– 扩展句
– 结论句
• 文章的构成
– 标题
– 首段
– 主题段
– 结尾段
高分作文的秘诀
• 清晰的结构
• 精彩的词和词组的运用
• 多样的句型
• 适当的“佐料”
Practice:
时下，各类电视节目广泛使用短信参与方式，对此人们评价不一。请你对此现象谈谈个人看法：
要求:1．词数：120词左右。
2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.
列出要点
提供机会 offer /provide chances
带来收益 bring in profits / benefit from
迎合追求 meet/appeal to the needs of
保证品位 ensure the taste
产生反感 feel bad / bored / annoyed
浪费精力 waste time and energy
你的观点 as far as I am concerned…
• offer chances
– Audiences are offered more chances to participate in the live programs.
• bring in profits / benefit from
– They bring in profits to the mass media.
• appeal to the needs of
– They appeal to the needs of the young people.
• ensure the taste
– We cannot ensure the taste of the programs if short messages are out of control.
• feel bad / bored / annoyed
– They cost a lot and make the audiences feel bored.
• waste time and energy
– It will be a waste of time and energy if the young are addicted to them.
• as far as I am concerned…
– As far as I am concerned, the short message is typical of information technology, but it is a powerful tool that needs to be used with care．
• Defenders hold the view that short messages offer the audiences more chances to participate in the live programs．The mass media benefit a lot from them.They appeal to the need of the young people．
• Defenders hold the view that short messages offer the audiences more chances to participate in the live programs．In this way, the mass media benefit a lot from them．On the other hand, they appeal to the need of the young people．
Try to improve the passage below.
• Critics accuse that if the short messages are out of control, we cannot ensure the taste of the programs. The expenses may make audiences feel bad．Some teenagers are addicted to them and too much time and energy are wasted．
• Critics accuse that if the short messages are out of control, we cannot ensure the taste of the programs. What’s more, the expenses may make audiences feel bad．To make matters worse, some teenagers are so addicted to them that too much time and energy are wasted．
At present, short messages are widely involved in various TV programs. People react to them in different ways．
Defenders hold the view that short messages offer the audiences more chances to participate in the live programs．In this way, the mass media benefit a lot from them．On the other hand, they appeal to the need of the young people．
Critics accuse that if the short messages are out of control, we cannot ensure the taste of the programs. What’s more, the expenses may make audiences feel bad．To make matters worse, some teenagers are so addicted to them that too much time and energy are wasted．
As far as I am concerned, the short message is typical of information technology, but it is a powerful tool that needs to be used with care．
The Importance of Confidence
Whatever one does, one should do it with confidence. If one has no confidence, there is little possibility that one would ever achieve anything, especially when one is faced with drawbacks or hardships. This truth seems to be self-evident.
However, in reality we do see a lot of people who complain that they lack the ability to do something or that their difficulties are too great to overcome.
For some, this might be true. But for many, this only shows that they have lost heart.
Why do people often feel frustrated even though they are quite capable of doing something? There are, among others, two main reasons. First, these people do not have a correct estimate of themselves. Second, they overestimate the difficulties.
It is possible to build up faith in oneself by having the right attitude towards one's own abilities. We should never underestimate our abilities but should believe in the proverb: “There is a will, there is a way.” Confidence is the guarantee of fulfilling a task successfully.
模仿：Diligence
Whatever one does, one should do it with confidence. If one has no confidence, there is little possibility that one would ever achieve anything, especially when one is faced with drawbacks or hardships. This truth seems to be self-evident.
Whatever one does, one should do it with diligence. If one is not diligent, there is little possibility that one would ever achieve anything, especially when one is dealing with a tough job. This truth seems to be self-evident.
However, in reality we do see a lot of people who complain that they lack the ability to do something or that their difficulties are too great to overcome. For some, this might be true. But for many, this only shows that they have lost heart.
However, in reality we do see quite a few people who while away a lot of time chatting, drinking, or watching television, and always leave today’s work to be done tomorrow. Some of them may make an excuse for what they have done, but there’s no room for any excuse for laziness.
