词的特征 变 化 例 词
原 级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词 直接加-er, -est stronghigh strongerhigher strongesthighest
以e结尾的词 加-r, -st widenice widernicer widestnicest
以单个辅音字母(非r)结尾的单音节词 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er, -est fatthin fatterthinner fattestthinnest
以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词 变y为i，再加-er,-est heavyhappy heavierhappier heaviesthappiest
少数以-er, -ow结尾的双音节词 直接加-er; -est clevernarrow cleverernarrower cleverestnarrowest
多数双音节词多音节词和源于分词的形容词 在原级前加more, most stupiddifficulttired more stupidmore difficultmore tired most stupidmost difficultmost tired
2、常见的不规则变化：
原 级 比较级 最高级
good well better best
bad badly ill worse worst
many much more most
little less least
far fartherfurther farthestfurthest
old olderelder oldesteldest
3、常见的比较级和最高级的基本句型及其用法：
原级的用法：
①肯定句型：
as + 形容词(副词)原级 + as … 意思是 “与……一样”
The boy is as clever as his brother. 这个男孩和他的哥哥一样聪明。
Lucy writes as carefully as Lily. 露茜写得和莉莉一样认真。
②否定句型：
not so/as + 形容词(副词)原级 +as… 意思是“不如……“
Monkeys are not as strong as elephants. 猴子不如大象强壮。
He is not so good a man as you. 他没有你好。
比较级的用法：
1、比较级+than
Peter is wiser than Sam.彼得比山姆聪明。
The car is more beautiful than that one. 这来辆车比那一辆漂亮。
2、形容词比较级前可用much, even, still, any, far, four times, a little等修饰。
Peter is much wiser than Sam.彼得比山姆聪明的多。
The room is a little brighter than that one. 这间房子比那间稍微亮一点。
3、比较级+and+比较级 意思是“越来越…...”
It rains harder and harder.雨下得越来越大。
4、The+比较级，the+比较级 意思是“越…...就越…...”
The harder you study, the faster you make progress. 你学习越努力，进步就越快。
5、比较级+than any other+单数名词. 意思是“比其它的任何一个……都更……”(这种情况其实是用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。)
He is more stupid than any other student in his class. 在他班里他比其它任何学生都更愚蠢。
She is taller than any other girl in the team. 她比队里的其余任何一个女孩都要高。
最高级的用法：
1、有范围修饰的用最高级，如:in, of, among或用从句修饰的句子中。
This is the most expensive of all the watches.在所有这些表中这块最贵。
2、序数词+最高级+名词 表示“第几个最……的”
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二大河流。
The park is the third largest one in Beijing. 这个公园是北京第三大公园。
3、one of the+最高级+复数名词 表示“是最……之一”
America is one of the richest countries in the world.美国是世界上最富有的国家之一。
One of the most beautiful places in Beijing is the Summer Palace.
北京最美丽的地方之一是颐和园。
4、形容词最高级前一定要用the，而副词最高级前可省略。
The elephant is the heaviest in the zoo.大象是这个动物园里最重的动物。
She came (the) earliest of all the students.所有学生中她来得最早。
(二)、常用副词在句中的位置：
1、时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般置于句末。
They met in China last year. 他们去年在中国见面了。
It’s raining hard outside. 外面雨下得很大。
The students are reading English loudly. 学生们在大声朗读英语。
2、强调时间时，时间副词可置于句首。
Last year they met in China.
3、时间副词和地点副词前一定不要加介词。
She is on her way home. 她正在回家的路上。
4、频度副词在句中的位置有两种：
(1)实义动词之前：
I usually play football on Friday afternoon.我通常周五下午踢足球。
I seldom watch TV.我很少看电视。
(2)be动词、情态动词和第一助动词之后
Mr. Green is always busy.格林先生一直很忙。
I have never seen him before.以前我从未见过他。
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. of the apples in the fruit bowl are soft and sweet.
A. Two-third B. Second-third
C. Two-thirds D. Second-thirds
2. Where are they going to have the meeting? In .
A. 204 Room B. Room 204
C. the room 204 D. the Room 204
3. What is the time? It’s (4:25).
A. four twenty-five B. four past twenty-five
C. twenty-five to four D. four twenty five
4. Please give us .
A. two glasses of waters B. two glass of water
C. two glasses water D. two glasses of water
5. Light is faster than an ordinary plane.
A. two million time B. millions of time
C. three millions times D. millions of times